Challenges in Mars Colonization

There are a number of challenges we have to overcome if we want to colonize Mars


  • Food
Well One of the basic requirement to be alive on Mars would be food as astronauts cannot take a lot of food with them to planet Mars, They have to create food on Mars.In the Movie "The Martian" grew potatoes in a controlled environment in the Martian Soil though Martian soil contains the basic nutrients required for a plant's growth  and most importantly water and if you will heat one cubic feet of martian soil then you will get one liter of water.


  • Oxygen
Oxygen is vital for human survival and Martian atmosphere contain just 0.13% oxygen on the planet Mars so we need to create oxygen on planet Mars maybe it can be created by using cynobacteria which first created oxygen n earth.


  • Water
A human can survive for several days without food but not without water but is there enough water on Mars ? Well it is trapped in the poles of Mars,Water ice equal to the volume of lake superior is in the Utopia Plantia region of Mars and also in the soil of Mars as I have mentioned before. However,Water in liquid form may occur on Mars but only under certain conditions

  • Radiation
There is a very thin atmosphere on Mars and this allows a lot of radiation to enter the planet and the radiation level of mars is 2 to 3 times that astronauts face on the International Space Station this radiation can also have a bad effect on the Martian Soil.


  • Temperature
Mars is a very cold planet though there is almost 95% carbon dioxide on planet Mars but due to a thin atmosphere and an atmospheric pressure of just 600 pascals and an atmospheric density of just 0.02 kg/m3 compared to earth's atmospheric density of 1.217 kg/m3 mars cannot retain te heat that falls on it in-spite of having high carbon dioxide in it's atmosphere and the cool temperature is a very big issue.


  • Gravity
Mars have just 38% of the gravity earth has and this may cause health problems.


  • Dust Storms 
Dust Storms can last for months on Mars blocking the sunlight on Mars which can cut off the electric supply for astronauts as astronauts will produce electricity from sulight i.e. solar energy

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